This backtest evaluates a long-only, daily-bar systematic strategy on a panel of PEA-eligible ETFs and European equities (EUR-denominated). The input parameters and result metrics are summarised in the tables below; the charts follow.

This is a historical backtest, published for informational and educational purposes only — not financial advice, not a recommendation, and not a trading signal. Past performance is not indicative of future results.

Input Parameters

ParameterValue
strategy_buy(ichimoku4a+bband1a+cho1a)&macd0b
strategy_sellichimoku3a&macd0a
leverage1.0
interest_rate_annual_pct7.0
date_start_simulation2018-01-02 00:00:00+00:00
date_start2016-12-20 00:00:00+00:00
date_end2026-02-28 00:00:00+00:00
base_currencyEUR
initial_cash100000.0
position_target_w0.14
position_target_hard_limit10000000.0
bar_size1 day
nbar_back_for_stop0
trailing_stop22.0
stop_limitFalse
nbar_freeze2
enable_freeze_globalFalse
position_max_w0.21000000000000002
max_entry_per_bar10
min_value_traded0.0
skip_zero_volumeFalse
min_price_threshold0.0
exposure_penalty_trigger_pct15.0
stability_penalty_trigger0.5
max_workers_outer8
max_workers_inner8
no_sell_allFalse
target_priceNone
target_duration138
target_trend-6.0
nb_symbol178

Results Summary

MetricValue
equity_final487098.0423
cagr_pct21.4248
return387.0980
max_drawdown_pct15.9371
ulcer_index_pct1.2747
net_exposure_pct62.8837
sharpe_ratio1.1754
sortino_ratio1.6193
calmar_ratio1.3448
benchmark_cagr5.0000
stability0.9834
k_ratio352.9154
composite_objective3.6563
trades104
win_rate0.6538
risk_reward_ratio2.7403
kelly_pct52.7526
return_mean13.1546
return_min-19.7408
return_q0.01-19.5321
return_q0.05-15.9630
return_q0.2-6.7885
return_q0.510.4177
return_q0.830.9648
return_q0.9554.0588
return_q0.9974.4366
return_max77.1932
yearly_sortino2.4471
yearly_downside_semidev0.1219

Out-of-sample cutoff. This strategy’s rules and parameters were frozen on 3 July 2025. All performance shown after that date is genuine out-of-sample / forward-tracked data — it post-dates the freeze, so no hindsight or selection could have shaped the rules.


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